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Research Paper Topics About Country Music
Sunday, August 23, 2020
Friday, August 21, 2020
12 Freelance Writing Experts Reveal Their Best Way to Land Gigs
Is it accurate to say that you are new to independent composition and have no smelling piece of information how to catch a customer? Indeed, 12 top independent essayists are going to reveal to you their main path for landing customers. You may be astonished by some of them, yet every one of them have endeavored to build up their author stage and validity as a specialist in their field. Be that as it may, before we jump into perusing how these independent essayists get composing gigs, I thought Id separate how I land customers. My Number One Way of Landing Clients I experienced of all my present and past customers and discovered my main method of making sure about composing gigs is through referrals. I landed 7 customers carefully from referrals. Two customers have various sites and they asked me to likewise compose on those sites. One other alluded me to a relative with a blogging gig. Two other independent essayists (expresses gratitude toward Keri and Gina) alluded me. I was under the impression my essential method of landing gigs was through my author site and posts, however as a general rule referrals is the reasonable champ. Referrals is really perhaps the most ideal approaches to land customers since, You dont need to pitch You definitely know the customer Youve situated yourself as the essayist to go to according to the customer Along these lines, lets discover how my rundown of master scholars discover composing work. 1. Ariel Rule â⬠Blogger, Copywriter, Hubspot Certified Inbound Marketer Warm pitching is my main method of making sure about a composing gig. I will in general maintain a strategic distance from the normal blog work sheets; everybody goes there to land positions. Rather, when perusing a blog in one of my composing specialties I scan the website for a zone that says something like Jobs, Work with Us, Contribute or that kind of thing. On the off chance that they would in actuality like to employ journalists or I believe that I can carry a bonus to the table as an author, at that point I know Im brilliant. From that point I tail them via web-based networking media to monitor whats going on with their organization, communicate with them on those channels, and afterward search for an opportunity to send a warm pitch email. 2. Alicia Rades â⬠Freelance Blogger My most ideal approach to land customers is through inbound advertising. Letââ¬â¢s be straightforward. I donââ¬â¢t like showcasing myself in the customary sense. More often than not, it feels like an exercise in futility. Yet, tweaking my site for SEO, composing visitor posts, and systems administration with different authors doesnââ¬â¢t feel like an issue to me, so Iââ¬â¢d much preferably go that path over contact customers through employment board promotions or cold pitching. Anyway, I'm not catching my meaning by inbound promoting? A significant number of my customers have discovered me through a Google search. Another continuous customer discovered me through a referral, and a later one saw the work I was doing on another site and was intrigued enough to get in touch with me. The incredible thing about this is thereââ¬â¢s not a ton of work on my partââ¬at least not work I donââ¬â¢t appreciate doing. In addition, nearly everybody who gets in touch with me is searching for on-going work, so I donââ¬â¢t need to continually search for one-off employments. What's more, it spares a huge amount of time in light of the fact that the individuals who get in touch with me have a genuine enthusiasm for working with ME, and Iââ¬â¢m not investing energy seeking positions on work loads up or reaching individuals who could conceivably require an author. The main issue is that this strategy doesnââ¬â¢t work right away. In the event that youââ¬â¢re simply beginning, itââ¬â¢s going to set aside some effort to develop your site around explicit catchphrases, compose visitor posts, make associations, and so on. Be that as it may, it unquestionably can work once youââ¬â¢ve set up yourself in the field, which doesnââ¬â¢t need to take in excess of two or three months. Tail me @aliciarades. 3. Gina Horkey â⬠Professional Writer and Business Consultant Ive had a ton of achievement fabricating my independent composing business utilizing work sheets. As of now, Im bought in (and cherishing!) The Client Connection, via Carrie Smith of Careful Cents. You need to apply to this stage, which is all the more a help than a vocation board and the expense is $120 per quarter. There is as of now a top of 20 individuals and in Carries own words: I endeavor to keep a decent parity of 2-3 specialists going after a similar position, so you have around a half possibility, or higher, of handling the gig! The administration is really overwhelming on independent composition and altering, with a decent measure of leads for VAs. Im taking a shot at expanding the measure of internet based life, structure, and other independent specialty leads. The administration might be moderate developing yet I mean to make it SUPER important. Carrie thinks A LOT about the nature of the items and administrations she puts out and its apparent in the manner TCC works. I get in any event one email for every week with a couple of employment postings from individuals that have actually reached Carrie for composing administrations. Since her customer program is full, she gives them to individuals from TCC. Its an extraordinary individual association! Ive heard back from nearly everybody Ive sent an application to and contracted with a couple of customers in the course of the most recent couple of months. Truth be told, I simply landed $1,000 venture a week ago! Enthusiastically suggested. 4. KeriLynn Engel â⬠Freelance Business Writer and Blogger My main method to secure independent composing positions is to let possibilities come to me. The entirety of my requests these days originate from either individuals who have seen my composition on different sites, or individuals who have looked for an essayist on Google discovered my site. I try to compose for sites where forthcoming customers will see my bylines, use watchword connects in my creator profiles, and I additionally target explicit hunt catchphrases with my site. On the off chance that you need your site to be seen, itââ¬â¢s brilliant to gain proficiency with the nuts and bolts of site design improvement. You donââ¬â¢t need to get super-specialized; simply taking an hour or two to gain proficiency with the nuts and bolts is sufficient to get you far in a great deal of specialties. 5. Corinne Kerston â⬠Freelance Writer and Blogger The main way I look for some kind of employment is through referrals, from the two customers and associates. To get referrals from customers, I simply toss it out there that in the event that they like my work, Iââ¬â¢d truly value a referral on the off chance that they know any individual who needs an essayist. I find that the individuals who advertise online will in general know other people who do also, and thereââ¬â¢s a decent possibility they will know somebody who could utilize a decent essayist and some point in time. I have additionally gotten referrals from online associates. My recommendation is to simply system and make associations. Visit websites, remark on posts, share their posts via web-based networking media. Construct a relationship, and they are bound to suggest you on the off chance that they realize somebody searching for an essayist with your claims to fame. Tail me @corinnekerston. 6. Ashley Gainer â⬠Freelance Writer and Editor While part of my independent work has originated from sending pitches and LOIs (Letter of Introductions), most of it has originated from individuals I know. Having a strong system of individual specialists who comprehend what I do, know about my abilities, and realize that Iââ¬â¢m effectively searching for customers has been the best thing for my business. What's more, making myself known as an author in my own circles has done likewise. Iââ¬â¢ve had gigs come to me from landowners, church women, companions from school, and even an extremely decent undertaking with a person who grew up down the road from my ex. Showcasing yourself is basic and should be done, however a system that realizes you is important. Tail me @AGEditorial. 7. Carrie Smith â⬠Freelance Writer and Freelance Expert The main way that I secure independent composing positions is through my system. I invest a great deal of energy doing uninvolved showcasing (cooperating via web-based networking media, by means of email, and sharing connecting with remarks) so when Im prepared to take on more customers I can essentially ask the editors, new companies, and entrepreneurs that I for one know, if theyre hoping to employ anybody. I additionally connect with individual independent essayists since a large portion of consultants have a plenitude of work, and turn down offers that can be passed along to different journalists (like me!). Tail me @carefulcents. 8. Whitney Sherwood â⬠Freelance Blogger I utilize a couple of various methodologies (work sheets, neighborhood organizations), however the Brians Scotts Freelance Writing Morning Coffee eNewsletter (from FreelanceWriting.com)à has consistently been my main method of landing gigs. Its a significant asset for chasing down composing gigs, beside reaching neighborhood organizations. Itââ¬â¢s conveyed to your inbox Monday through Friday and incorporates a week after week cutoff time bulletin for paid composing challenges and magazines. A dominant part of these postings are respectable to generously compensated. You do need to filter through dodgy postings to a great extent, yet it makes work chasing simpler. The eNewsletter even incorporates remote and non-remote gigs.â Its a famous, trusted (built up in 1998), and curated rundown of postings from everywhere throughout the web. So far, Ive had achievement increasing a couple of customers I reached. 9. Pinar Tarhan â⬠Freelance Writer and Blogger I secure composing positions through an assortment of sources including referrals from other essayist companions, work promotions and occupation leads from discussions like Be a Freelance Blogger. I likewise pitch to online distributions with article thoughts. What's more, my top pick, now and then customers discover me through Linkedin. Be that as it may, my most ideal method of finding employments is through Tom Ewerââ¬â¢s Paid to Blog Jobs, which I assessed for The Write Life. A few employments can be low-paying, yet the assortment is great, and you can locate some really better than average blogging customers on the off chance that you love specialties like language picking up/instructing, way of life, travel, dating, etc. For some time I was an individual from Freelance Writerââ¬â¢s Den. While the gatherings and items are unimaginably useful and enlightening, I couldnââ¬â¢t secure any positions to apply to in the couple of months that I was a part as I avoid businesses I donââ¬â¢t find fascinating and copywriting. I needed to stop during a wrist injury as I couldn't utilize the discussion by any means. I may be abnormal, however I truly like pitching, regardless of whether its a one-time visitor post or a staff blogging work. ðÿâ¢â Follow me @zoeyclark. 10. Lauren Tharp â⬠F
Monday, July 13, 2020
Postpartum Psychosis Linked to Bipolar Disorder
Postpartum Psychosis Linked to Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Symptoms Depression Print Postpartum Psychosis Linked to Bipolar Disorder By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on November 13, 2019 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments. Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD Updated on January 28, 2020 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights Tetra Images - Jamie Grill / Brand X Pictures / Getty Images Experts estimate that 50 to 85% of all new mothers experience the baby blues, a common response to hormonal changes after the birth of a child that typically self-resolves within two weeks. However, an estimated 14% of new mothers will develop postpartum depression, a more serious condition that can include mood swings, uncontrollable crying, fatigue or exhaustion, feelings of guilt, inadequacy or worthlessness, lack of interest in the baby and other common signs of depression. Around 0.1-0.2% (thats one or two of one thousand women) will develop postpartum psychosisâ"a very serious illness that needs quick intervention, usually including hospitalization. One or two of one thousand may not sound like many until you learning that in 2018 there were approximately 3.79 million births in the United States. This translates to 3,790 to 7,580 women who may experience postpartum psychosis per year. Given the rates of suicide and infanticide related to postpartum psychosis, this estimates a risk of more than 300 infants killed and approximately 380 mothers committing suicide because of this illness each year in the U.S. alone. Causes and Risk Factors Although more studies are needed to determine the causes of postpartum illnesses, the evidence suggests that the sudden drop in estrogen levels that occurs immediately after the birth of a child plays a significant role, along with sleep disruptions that are inevitable before and after the birth. Many researchers conclude that postpartum psychosis is considered to be on the bipolar spectrum and a prior history of depression and/or anxiety is a strong risk factor. Poor social support, young age, traumatic delivery, and financial instability are other potential causative factors. One of the biggest risk factors for postpartum psychosis is a previously diagnosed bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, along with a family history of one of these conditions. Also, women who have already experienced postpartum depression or psychosis have a 20 to 50% chance of having it again at future births. Additionally, sleep deprivation worsens mood symptoms and may increase the risk of development of a postpartum mood disorder. Symptoms of Postpartum Psychosis Symptoms of postpartum psychosis are consistent with those of a bipolar I psychotic episode but have some special twists specifically related to motherhood. They include, but are not limited to: HallucinationsDelusionsPeriods of delirium or maniaThoughts of harming the baby or oneselfIrrational feelings of guiltRefusing to eatThought insertion: The notion that other beings or forces (God, aliens, the CIA, etc.) can put thoughts or ideas into ones mindInsomnia: Although studies are beginning to show that insomnia may be a cause rather than an effectReluctance to tell anyone about the symptoms If You Already Have Bipolar Disorder You should be awareâ"and so should your loved onesâ"that having a history of bipolar disorder may mean that you have a higher-than-average risk of having postpartum psychosis. Prompt treatment is essential to get postpartum psychosis under control. Under no circumstances should you spend most of your time alone with your infant, as this may lead to severe disruptions in sleep that can make a bad situation even worse. Keep in contact with your psychiatrist or therapist during the first six weeks after your childs birth. Arrange ahead of time to have your husband or partner, relatives, friends or even social workers help you care for the infant and make sure you get the rest you need. If you have to choose between breastfeeding and taking your medications, choose the medications. The sooner you get treatment for postpartum illnesses, the faster they can be controlled.
Thursday, May 21, 2020
The Wonderous Mystery of Black Holes - 1668 Words
Just a hundred years ago in 1915 was the time Einstein created his theories of General Relativity, thus the makings of what is known today. These theories helped predict that black holes actually occupy the universe vastly (Wiki authors). Because black holes are virtually invisible to the human eye, since not even light can escape their clutches, it is hard to understand something that canââ¬â¢t be seen or even assume it exists. Though the concept of black holes can be traced back to 1795, to Pierre Simon Laplace, who originally proposed the idea. It was Karl Schwarzchild to be the first to start proving black holes exist from the research of Einstein and others (Freudenrich). This was just the start of black holes becoming a major focus of astronomers and astrophysicists globally. The common misconception of black holes is that they are ââ¬Ëa holeââ¬â¢ in space, but the fact is, they are a dense orb of matter that continuously grows and consumes. Popular believe is that a black hole is a gateway through time and space but that is not the case. All someone would find at the center of a black hole would be a dense orb a matter called the singularity, or core (Freudenrich). Black holes do in a way distort time and space because of their immense mass yet one would die and be burnt to a crisp before even coming close to reaching the highly dense core. If watched from the earth, it would take an infinite amount of time to be consumed by and become a part of a black hole, but
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Research And Analytical Skills Senior Communications...
1. Demonstrated research and analytical skills My well-developed research and analytical skills have been continually demonstrated during my five yearsââ¬â¢ employment with the NSW State Emergency Service (NSW SES), predominantly in my current role of Senior Communications Officer where I proficiently research and analyse information on a daily basis. Within my current role as Senior Communications Officer, I have recognised the need to continually research and gather information in relation to operational communications. I do this by researching numerous forms of intelligence, such as; internal reports, industry news sources, white papers, industry social media and Government policy. Once I have obtained the information I use my analytical skills to decipher the material and categorise this into manageable portions relevant to areas of the business. I do this on a daily basis and hold regular meetings with my peers to advise them of recent industry trends and new emerging technologies. My adept analytical skills are demonstrated in my current role, where I regularly analyse information from several internal systems to identify patterns and trends related to operational communications issues and outage occurrences within the Service. This requires me to access the Serviceââ¬â¢s operational management system to filter through job entries and activity reports and correlate this to issue reports received through the IT service desk system. I correlate this data into a SharePointShow MoreRelatedPolicy Officer Personal Statement1059 Words à |à 5 PagesPolicy Officer Position Number: 512167 Selection Criteria: Experience in, or the ability to acquire specific knowledge of, the health and human services and government relations and policy development I have worked for approximately 20 years as a government and health care employee and during this time I have researched, reviewed, and authored policies of varying levels of complexity. As a mid-level manager for the Department of Health, I was responsible for leading multiple policy teams responsibleRead MoreGraduate Career Exploration Internship : Launchmetrics Essay1629 Words à |à 7 PagesLaunchmetrics Chih-Yun Tsai LIM Collegeââ¬Æ' Table of Contents Company and Department Overview 3 Internship Title and Description 5 Overview of Approved Learning Objectives 6 Summary and Evidence of Learning Objective Achievement 6 Summary of Personal Skill Development 9 References 10 ââ¬Æ' Company and Department Overview Launchmetrics is a software development and data insights company that assist brands with their launch to market. 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These decision variables are identified for each potential career choice and then compared and contrasted between the career options. A conclusion is then reached as to a recommended ââ¬Å"best fitâ⬠option relative to a candidateââ¬â¢s career goals and interests. Police Officer General Responsibilities The general duties of a uniformedRead MoreBenefits, Wellness And Accessibility Officer1606 Words à |à 7 PagesWellness and Accessibility Officer Job category: Full-time Department: Human resources Reporting relationship: Reports directly to human resources manager Physical location: Head office Safety hazards: None Summary The benefits, wellness and accessibility officer is required to perform the executive-level tasks of reviewing and processing benefit and wellness claims. The officer is required to maintain updated records of all applications and claims from employees. 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Leading by example and achieving exceptional results in a variety of roles, including Site Security Supervisor (Inspector Rank), Senior Security Officer, Second-In-Charge Security Operations, APS Administrative - Levels 3, 4 6, Petty Officer, Leading Seaman and Able Seaman. I have demonstrated proficiency in the delivery of high quality customer service, leading and supervising teams, co upled with strong business administration, computerRead MoreLeadership, Management, Training, And Curriculum Development1887 Words à |à 8 Pagesinnate ability to develop a cohesive team dedicated to any task at hand. Authorized to work in the US for any employer Work History GCCS-M/Common Tactical Picture Manager, Senior Chief Petty Officer Commander Carrier Strike Group Four - Norfolk, VA - November 2014 to present Responsibilites â⬠¢ Serving as the Leading Deparment Supervior in which Iââ¬â¢m responsbile for supervising, training, and developing 5 database managers in Read MoreThe Lawyer Who Works On Commercial And Corporate Area1658 Words à |à 7 Pagesprivate industry and private association, or doing legal aid. It really depends upon personal preferences. â⬠¢ What are the skills needed to succeed? He listed many abilities, like intellectual curiosity and capacity, psychological skills, strong analytical skills, strong organizational skills, strong interpersonal skills, counseling skills, strong writing skills, strong research skills, attention to detail, ability to handle complex issues, creativity, adaptability, confidence, excellent judgment, strongRead MoreHuman Resource Assistant At Deloitte1096 Words à |à 5 Pages1. Job Title: Human Resource Assistant at Deloitte. The general role of the HR assistant is to complement the human resource officers within the organization. Some of the duties include answering queries of the employees in regards to HR, updating of employee records and assisting with the processing of new employees and employee terminations. Most importantly, the assistant facilitates the working of other HR professionals. Organization: Deloitte Web Address: http://jobs.deloitte.com/za/johan
Which Contribute to Low Health Expectancy in Developed Countries Free Essays
Outline the factors which contribute to low health expectancy in developed countries. Identify and assess possible solutions to reduce this problem. Health expectancy is ââ¬Å"the number of years a person can expect to live in good healthâ⬠. We will write a custom essay sample on Which Contribute to Low Health Expectancy in Developed Countries or any similar topic only for you Order Now (New Zealand Ministry of Social Development, 2010). It reflects concern about the quality of life. Furthermore, low health expectancy means that people live in poor health which is affected by diseases and disability. Many factors contribute to low health expectancy, including smoking and obesity. Society should pay more attention to solve these problems to increase health expectancy. This essay will outline the factors which lead to low health expectancy, and then discuss the possible solutions to reduce the problem. First of all, it is obviously smoking is a factor leading to low health expectancy which is very common in developed countries. To begin with, smoking prevalence in European countries is 32% which is an extremely high number (WHO, 2012). In addition, there are some diseases caused by smoking is a well-known fact, such as lung disease and stroke. However, people arenââ¬â¢t aware that how serious it is the smoking problem affect to peopleââ¬â¢s health. In fact, WHO (2008, p. 14) points out ââ¬Å"smoked tobacco in any form causes up to 90% of all lung cancers,â⬠and a dozen different kinds of cancer and chronic disease are caused by smoking. To sum up briefly, smoking has a very serious impact on peopleââ¬â¢s health and life in developed countries. Then, this problem could be solved by reducing smoking prevalence and improving peopleââ¬â¢s awareness of the risk of smoking. The solutions will focus on three aspects which are individual, tobacco industry and the government. Firstly, the solution for individual is quit smoking. Quit smoking is the direct effective way for smokers to increase health expectancy. According to WHO (2012), there are three-quarters of smokers want to quit smoking. However it is clearly that the number who quit smoking successfully is far below this data, the main reason for the failure is smokers are addicted to nicotine. The nicotine in tobacco is not only causing a variety of diseases but also leading a highly addictive (Hammond, 2009. . Secondly, the solution for the tobacco industry, they could do the appropriate measures such as add health warnings on tobacco packages, health warnings on tobacco packages increase smokersââ¬â¢ awareness of their risk (WHO, 2008, p. 34). But unfortunately, the tobacco industry would not be willing to do it unless the policy requires them to do so. However, the relevant policies in many de veloped countries are lacking. So if the national laws and regulations force the tobacco industry to do it then the solution would be more effective. Thirdly, the solutions for government, the government should ban on tobacco advertising and raise tobacco taxes. WHO (2008, p. 37) states that if the government ban on tobacco advertising that the tobacco sales will have up to 16% decrease. In addition, increase tobacco taxes could raise the price of tobacco. According to WHO (2008, p. 39) that ââ¬Å"increasing the price of tobacco through higher taxes is the single most effective way to decrease consumption and encourage tobacco users to quitâ⬠. In conclusion, the smoking problem will be solved by joint efforts of the whole community. Apart from that, another important factor which decreases peopleââ¬â¢s health expectancy is obesity. WHO (2012) states that obesity will become a major factor lead to lower health expectancy in the later parts of this century. Moreover, in developed countries obesity is a very severe problem that affects over 20% of adults on average (OECD, 2011). Furthermore, according to WHO (2012), obesity is the main reason which causes cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and several types of cancer. That means overweight people are expected to have a low health expectancy. To solve the problem of obesity, the solution could be considered from three aspects. The first aspect is at the individual level, people should reduce the energy intake from total fats and take regular physical activity to prevent overweight, because obesity is caused by high-energy food intake and lack of physical activity (WHO, 2012). But obviously, this need people have a strong self-control, also diet and excessive exercise may be able to cause the other health problems. The second aspect is about the food industry, the main source of the high-energy food is processed food. Therefore the food industry should reduce the content fat, sugar and salt in processed food, and try their best to provide fresh food, such as fruit, vegetables and nuts. However, the more healthy food will bring about higher prices, and then people will spend more money to improve the quality of their food. The third aspect is about the government and social organizations. The Government has a responsibility to help people to improve awareness of the prevention of obesity and to build more public exercise facilities. In terms of social organization, they should cooperate with the Government to implement the policy about obesity. For example, the advertising industry should increase the number of public service advertising about to improve peopleââ¬â¢s awareness of the risk of obesity? However, this will take a long time and a lot of money. To conclude, healthy expectancy is the indicator of the quality of life. This essay has discussed that health expectancy is reduced by negative factors including smoking and obesity. So it is necessary to analyse these factors, identify and assess the solutions from the aspects of individual, organization and the government to solve the problem, and then to improve peopleââ¬â¢s health expectancy and the quality of peopleââ¬â¢s lives. References Hammond, S. K. (2009). Global Patterns of Nicotine and Tobacco Consumption. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag New Zealand Ministry of Social Development. (2010). Health expectancy. Retrieved October 17, 2012 From: http://socialreport. msd. govt. nz/health/health-expectancy. html OECD. (2012). Obesity update 2012. Retrieved October 17, 2012. From the OECD website: http://www. oecd. org/els/healthpoliciesanddata/49716427. pdf WHO. (2012). Facts and figures. Retrieved October 17, 2012. From: http://www. euro. ho. int/en/what-we-do/health-topics/disease-prevention/tobacco/facts-and-figures. WHO. (2012). Obesity. Retrieved October 21, 2012. From: http://www. euro. who. int/en/what-we-do/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases/obesity WHO. (2012). Obesity and overweight. Retrieved October 21, 2012 From the World Health Organization: http://www. who. int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ WHO. (2008). WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008: The MPOWER package. [Electronic version]. Geneva: World Health organization. How to cite Which Contribute to Low Health Expectancy in Developed Countries, Essay examples
Friday, April 24, 2020
Panic 1837 Essays - Financial Crises, Systemic Risk,
Panic 1837 The depression of 1937 was sometimes also referred to as ?The Panic of 1837.? The true panic of this depression consisted of banks over- extending credit on insufficient collateral as well as a shortage of the nations currency. The shortage of currency failed to meet the demands of the country at a time when the nation was prospering, the railroad was laying tracks and extending outward, and canals were being built to make even more routes of transportation. Basically, people were spending money and investors were buying in to the American corporations and state bonds. In the book American History a Survey (268), it is stated that during 1835 - 1837 nearly 40 million acres of land were bought and sold in the nation to immigrants who had little or no money. The land was sold on credit at greatly advanced prices. However, investors who were mostly Eastern speculators from the United States coming here to take advantage of the situation were buying most of the land. They had hopes to re-sale and make a profit. Their form of payment for this land was usually loans from banks. At the same time, the money from these land sales was coming in to the US treasury from land office, and most of it was of dubious value. In short, the government was selling acres of land and, in return, receiving a miscellaneous collection of state bank notes, none of which was really worth the stated value. In a lecture delivered before the Sunday lecture society, May 7, 1876, by John Wentworth, Mr. Wentworth told people ?the government was not only out of debt, that it also had an existing surplus of funds.? At this point, men became excited and reckless, as money was taken from every branch of business to invest in western land speculators. However, President Jackson was aware of the situation, but had no power to stop the land sales or limit bank discounts. The president's plan to solve the issue as noted in the book American History A Survey (269), was to order that nothing but gold or silver could be exchanged for public lands. This was called his ?Specie Circular? in 1836. This new concept for land purchases was just a sign of the trouble and panic that was ahead for the country. The people would begin to experience a shortage of paper money, the precious metals would be driven out of the country, and the banks would not have the resources to claim any bills. Thus, the nation's banks would fail to survive. Consequently, many corporations and small businesses, as well as individual workers would also suffer. Soon, corporations and individual businesses everywhere began to issue certificates that would be redeemed at their business. These tickets would be valid for items and services such as barber services and food s taples. In other words, to get a haircut or buy a loaf of bread you needed a ticket or certificate. Debts were all paid without the form of paper money. The public soon became leery of using the tickets, and had figured out that there was a shortage of currency. Previously, the people had been purchasing things they did not need, and for which they could not pay. And when their finances failed, they blamed it on the president. In John Wentworth's lecture he stated the signs of economic collapse were present before President Jackson fulfilled his term and left office. The interest rates climbed over 20%, cotton prices spiraled crazily, and food riots erupted in New York City. The inflated land values, speculation, and wildcat banking contributed to the crisis which became known as the ?Hard Times of 1837-1843?. In the paper ?Panic of 1837? written by the PEI History Department, it was researched and written that: over 39,000 Americans went bankrupt, losing 741 million dollars as the depression reduced many people to the streets and also to starvation. This depression also spread across the ocean to Britain and the rest of Europe. From a lithograph (courtesy of the New York Historical Society, New York, published in the book American History A Survey, on the 4th of July 1837) it showed just how the depression was affecting the people. For
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